Xventilator



2 SheetsSheet 1. W. CHADWICK. v

Ventilator.

No, 27,405. Patented March 6;, 1860...,

N. PETERS, Pnm-Laho her, wuhin m, D. c

' 2 Sh6ets-.-Sheet 2.

- W. 'IIHADWICK.

Ventilator.

Patented March, 6.,

UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM CHADIVIGK, OF BURY, GREAT BRITAIN, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELEJXND IVILLIAM GRIFFITHS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,405, dated March 6, 1860.

To all whom itma/ concern:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM CHADWIOK, of Bury, in the county of Lancaster and Kingdom of Great Britain, tin-plate worker, have invented anew and. useful Improvement in Ventilators; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed sheet of drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention consists in an improved mode of applying and operating revolving spiral vanes, or worms, working in a case, to the chimneys, fines, or roofs, of dwellinghouses, churches, chapels, manufactories, or other buildings, or erections, or railway carriages, for the purpose of improving the ventilation thereof.

Having thus stated the nature of my invention I will proceed to describe the manner of performing the same, reference being had to the annexed sheetof drawings and to the figures and letters marked thereon.

Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section, and Fig. 2 a plan of my improved ventilator. The drawing represents a vent-i lator suitable for a chimney top. a, is the case to which are fixed the footstep a and the bearing a supporting the spindle c. To this spindle are fixed the vanes or worm, b, and the hood 2', which is of the usual construction having vanes and perforations as shown in Fig. 1. The drawing represents a ventilator with four vanes, but I wish it to be understood that a greater or less number of vanes may be used according to the size of the ventilator and the purpose for which it is intended.

The mode of operation is as follows: As soon as a fire is lighted in the fire place in connection with the chimney or fiue furnished with my improved ventilator, the heat of the fire rarefies the air in the chimney and causes an ascending draft, which draft or current of air acting on the vanes Z), causes them to rotate. The action of the wind in the vanes of the hood tends also to make the hood 2', revolve, and as the hood and the vanes are both fixed to the spindle c, it is evident that the combined action of the two keeps the vanes in motion. The

effect of this rotary motion is to draw the smoke up the chimney, thereby effectually preventing the accumulation of soot in the chimney or on the vanes of the ventilator. lVhen these improved ventilators are used to supply fresh air and: remove vitiated air from apartments or buildings or from the lholds of ships I apply two ventilators furnished with vanes which are inclined in opposite directions so that, when the ventilators revolve, one of them supplies fresh air while the other removes or carries off the vitiated air.

In large apartments or buildings several ventilators may be applied. I would also remark that the fresh air instead of being forced into the apartment or building by a. ventilator as above described may be supplied through any suitable openings.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of a ventilator suitable for a flue or chimney to which my improved hood or top is applied, Fig. 4 is a plan of the same; a is the casing of the ventilator containing the spiral blades or vanes b, which are fixed to a spindle c, to which or to the vanes b, is fixed my improved hood or top consisting of the diagonal vanes (Z, (Z, and the slanting vanes e, 6. These vanes (Z, and e, are set in the same direction as the vanes Z), consequently the ascending current of heated air and the smoke from the chimney or flue, passing through the spaces between the vanes d, and 6, cause the hood to revolve in the direction of the arrow, in Fig. 3, thereby increasing the draft in the chimney and preventing the accumulation of soot in the ventilator and in the chimney or flue to which it is applied. These improved hoods also effectually prevent down drafts.

Figs. 5 and 6 represent a modification of my invention. a, is the casing, 12 the spiral blades fixed to the spindle c. In this instance the vanes (Z, (Z, of the hood or top, are curved on diagonally and their upper parts are placed in a slanting posit-ion similar to the vanes e, e, in Fig. 4. The ascending current in passing between the vanes (Z, (Z, causes the hood to rotate, as before described in reference to Figs. 3 and 4.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent another modification of my invention. The parts marked a, b, and c, are similar to those shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The curved diagonal vanes, (Z, are rather farther apart and are set at a greater angle than those above referred to, in order to render them better adapted for ventilating rooms or buildings.

I Wish to remark that although I have shown my improvement in the hoods or tops of ventilators as applied to those ventilators having spiral vanes or Worms, I Wish it to be understood that my improved hoods or tops are applicable to other descriptions of ventilators. I Would also remark that my improved hoods or tops may be applied to ventilate dwelling houses, churches, chapels, manufactories, ships, railway carriages, or other buildings, by making them of suitable dimensions and modifying the shape according to the particular object for Which they are required.

What I claim herein as new and desire to 

